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Counterphobic attitude is a response to anxiety that, instead of fleeing the source of fear in the manner of a phobia, actively seeks it out, in the hope of overcoming the original anxiousness.〔Otto Fenichel, ''The Psychoanalytic Theory of Neurosis'' (1946) p. 480-1〕 Contrary to the avoidant personality disorder, the counterphobic represents the less usual, but not totally uncommon, response of seeking out what is feared:〔Martin Kantor, ''The Essential Guide to Overcoming Avoidant Personality Disorder'' (2010) p. 30〕 codependents may fall into a subcategory of this group, hiding their fears of attachment in over-dependency.〔Kantor, p. 36〕 ==Action== Dare-devil activities are often undertaken in a counterphobic spirit, as a denial of the fears attached to them, which may be only partially successful.〔Salman Akhtar, ''Comprehensive Dictionary of Psychoanalysis'' (2009) p. 60〕 Acting out in general may have a counterphobic source,〔Judy Cooper, ''Speak of Me as I Am'' (2011) p. 66〕 reflecting a false self over-concerned with compulsive doing to preserve a sense of power and control.〔Rosalind Minsky, ''Psychoanalysis and Gender'' (1996) p. 122〕 Sex is a key area for counterphobic activity, sometimes powering hypersexuality in people who are actually afraid of the objects they believe they love.〔Fenichel, p. 518〕 Adolescents, fearing sex play, may jump over to a kind of spurious full sexuality;〔D. W. Winnicott, ''The Child, the Family, and the Outside World'' (1973) p. 218〕 adults may overvalue sex to cover an unconscious fear of the harm it may do.〔Julia Segal, ''Melanie Klein'' (2001) p. 46〕 Such a counterphobic approach may indeed be socially celebrated〔Lesley Caldwell ed., '' Sex and Sexuality'' (2010) p. 116〕 in a postmodern vision of sex as gymnastic performance or hygiene,〔Elisabeth Roudinesco, ''Philosophy in Turbulent Times'' (2008) p. xi〕 fuelled by what Ken Wilber described as "an exuberant and fearless shallowness".〔Ken Wilber, ''Sex, Ecology, Spirituality'' (2000) p. 7〕 Traffic accidents have been linked to a counterphobic, manic attitude in the driver.〔Graham P. Bartley, ''Traffic Accidents'' (2008) p. 166〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Counterphobic attitude」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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